Abstract
This is a very detailed examination of 10 works that discuss the goth sub-industrialized sub-culture as it relates to Montreal.

From the Paper
"Simply put, this book is an ethnographic study of a few of the subcultures in Brighton, England, circa 1995. Among the subcultures examined were Punks, Mods, Metalers, and Goths. It makes extensive use of field research, and interviews in particular, examining a total of 57 different people in thirty-eight separate interviews. Through this research, the author attempts to define subculture from the viewpoint of the members of such subcultures"

Tags:annotated, ethnography, field, goth, industrial, lifestyle, research, subculture

Abstract
This paper examines the local goth subculture in Montreal, and attempts to clarify the mood and character of the scene, while showing that media portrayals of participants have been grossly inflammatory. The paper includes interviews, photos, maps and a glossary.

Setting The Scene
Cast of Characters
On Location
The Nature of The Beast
Defining Goth
History of the Movement
The Heart of the Matter
Available Materials
Early Observations
Quiet Chats
The Fight Scene
The Aryans
The ARA
Showdown at the OK Corral
That's a Wrap

From the Paper
"Attempting to define what "Goth" is was one of the most daunting tasks I was faced with. I came up with at least as many different definitions as there were people I asked. One thing that I noticed is that within the Goth community as a whole, there are many sub-categories based on look, musical taste, political view and personality. However, there were a few common themes which ran in virtually all the many definitions of Goth that I was exposed to."

Tags:ethnography, field, goth, nightlife, observation, participant, research, subculture

Abstract
This paper provides an historical overview and an in-depth look at one of the most famous murder cases of all times. The author of the life after prison for Evelyn Dick. Many photos are also included.

From the Paper
"The Torso murder case is one of the most sensationalized and talked about murder cases in Canadian history. At the time the story was a journalist's dream, a story of scandal, mystery and the bizarre. The case became front-page material for months on end. Not only the public, but also the journalistic and publishing communities, were enthralled by the case. Now more than half a century after the crime was committed, the Evelyn Dick case still arouses much public interest. It seems, however, the public remains largely unaware of what the details of the case actually were and what transpired legally after the dismembered body of John Dick was recovered."

Tags:canadian, criminals, dick, evelyn, famous, murder, murders, torso, trial, life, crime

Abstract
This paper presents the arguments for and against the use of Eugenics in a Canadian context, which was first used at the start of the 20th Century, to "improve" the population. The history of the use of this concept and practice is traced to modern day science and how it relates to the Human Genome Project.

Table of Contents
Abstract
Introduction
Perceived Need for Eugenics in Canada
Justification of Eugenics
Methods of Implementation
Sexual Sterilization Laws in Canada
Alberta Sexual Sterilization Act, 1928
Death of Eugenics in Canada
Eugenics in Canada Today
Future of Eugenics
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"Sir Francis Galton first coined the term "eugenics" in 1883 when he defined it as "the study of the agencies under social control that may improve or impair the racial qualities of future generations, either physically or mentally" (Galton, 1907.) Eugenics can be divided into two categories, Negative and Positive Eugenics. Negative Eugenics acts to eliminate undesirable traits from the gene pool, and to ultimately increase the number of desirable individuals in the population by decreasing the rate of propagation of those individuals deemed to be inferior. Positive Eugenics aims to decrease the number of individuals deemed inferior by encouraging propagation of individuals possessing desirable traits (Law Reform Commission of Canada (LRCC), 1979.)"

Tags:alberta, galton, human, rights, sterilization

Abstract
Using the empowerment/strength-based theory, this paper critiques critique Virginia Axline's intervention approach with Dibs in "Dibs in Search of Self". The paper explains that, since the book was published in the early 1960s; the way in which the strength-based intervention was used is to an extent outdated for current social work practice. Thus, the paper also discusses what practices could have been changed or added to the intervention that would be more suitable when working with children of today's Canadian society. In particular, the paper discusses three different strength-based practices that Axline should add or change in the intervention in order to work more efficiently with current Canadian children.

From the Paper
"The kind of language and dialogue used in interventions with children is an important factor that contributes to the client's sense of self and the way in which they define their own experiences. "The power of language to influence perception and the development of self-fulfilling prophecies can create negative or positive outcomes". With that said, Axline skilfully used strength-based language and the skill of positive re-framing of words when conversing with Dibs. Strength-based language is displayed by asking questions that let the child tell their story and also by staying in-line with where the child wants to take the intervention (Greene, Lee, Hoffpauir, 2005). Strength-based language often uses the skills of positive re-framing. Positive re-framing focuses on building on the child's inner strength and to help re-frame the child's outlook on their experiences into something they can grasp and cope with more effectively (Greene, Lee, Hoffpauir, 2005). A good example of Axline using strength-based re-framing with Dibs would be displayed on pg. # 46 in the book where Dibs demands that the window be closed in the playroom."

Tags:strength-based, language, assumption, hierarchical, approach

Abstract
This paper examines how during 2003, Toronto's tourism and hospitality industry was significantly hampered by four major crises: An outbreak of SARS, West Nile Virus, Mad Cow disease and an electrical blackout. It discusses how although every individual within the Greater Toronto area (GTA) was affected in some manner, the tourism industry was the most radically influenced and how the cumulative onslaught of the aforementioned events drastically reduced the number of visitors to the once thriving metropolis and threatened the livelihood of the city. It details the issues encountered by Toronto's tourism industry during 2003 and the recovery methods that were instituted in order to endorse the city as an attractive tourism destination.

From the Paper
"In order to regain the trust of travelers, positive advertising campaigns were initiated through mass mediums to the general public to highlight the positive elements that Toronto had to offer. The majority of the campaigns launched throughout the city were aimed at promoting Toronto through two key marketing concepts. These included (1) product bundling - offering a complete package to consumers at a reduced rate, and (2) reduced pricing - discounts placed upon specific offerings of the tourism sector. These concepts were based upon a loss-leader marketing strategy, whereby a very low price is charged for a product or service to entice customers into subsequently purchasing higher cost items. Mirvish Productions initiated one of the first examples of product bundling."

Tags:blackout, mad, cow, sars, west, nile, virus

Abstract
This paper looks at the privatization of healthcare in Canada. Under the NAFTA, health care in Canada cannot be preserved if there is private operation. Once a province has decided to allow the operation of private health care and HMO?s, then under the NAFTA every province in Canada is obliged to do the same. This is irreversible since by allowing the change toward privatization an alteration has been made to a NAFTA reservation.

From the Paper
"One of Canada's greatest legacies can be considered to be its socially funded Medicare system, founded by Saskatchewan Premier T.C.Douglas in 1947. Ongoing conflict in 1984 between the federal and provincial governments over health care expenditures eventually led to the passing of a new legislation identifying the five basic principles of the Canadian public health care system. This legislation was the Canadian Health Act of 1984, and it was strongly lobbied for by the Canadian Nurses Association (CNA). "The federal government took the position that extra-billing and user fees were eroding Medicare, and further that if those practices were allowed to continue and increase, a two tiered system of health care would develop, one for the rich, and another for the poor" (Kerr, J.R., & MacPhail, J., 1996)."

Tags:11, agreement, alberta, american, bill, canada, care, free, gats, health, north, nursing, trade, wto

Abstract
This paper deals with the subject of elderly abuse and attempts to make the connection between elder abuse and family violence. The author explains that elder abuse is becoming more and more recognized as a form of family violence, and describes the different types of abuse, analyzing the connection between elder abuse and family violence. The author also uses the Ageism concept to explain elder abuse in broad context, to explain how society's distorted view on the elderly affect care-givers likeliness to abuse their elderly family members.

Outline:
Introduction
Purpose
Rationale
Key Concepts Related to Elder Abuse
What is Elderly Abuse?
Elder Abuse as a Form of Family Violence
Analysis:
The Situation Model
Social Exchange Theory
Ageism
Practice Interventions
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Elder abuse is a growing social concern in Western society, but it is not a new phenomenon. Mistreatment of older people both in the community and within institutions has been an enduring feature of our social history. Many older Canadians have suffered abuse and neglect at the hands of family members and caregivers for many years, without the support and resources they needed to leave their abusive situations. Recently, practitioners have been displaying a growing awareness and concern about elder abuse, putting a new perspective to this type of family violence (Pillemer & Wolf, 1986: 169). Like other types of domestic violence, elder abuse is extremely complex. It is a combination of many factors, from psychological to economic as well as the mental and physical conditions of the victim and the abuser. These factors do not usually operate in isolation. Instead, they tend to function as complex dimensions, interacting in ways uniquely dependent on the victim, perpetrator and the situation (Steinmetz, 1988: 23)
Moreover, research shows that estimates of abuse are difficult to make, although in Canada it is often said to affect at least four percent of seniors (Kinnon, 2001: 6).
"In addition, explanations about why abuse occurs under different theoretical frameworks make it difficult to pin-point the direct connection between the dynamics of elder abuse and family violence. Many elder abuse cases fit the paradigm of family violence; that is, acts of abuse or misuse of power that may result in harm to a family member (Pillemer & Suitor, 1992: 170). However, not all cases involve spouses or family members. Practitioners stress the need to understand the entire range of elder abuse and the underlying causes- including self-neglect, abuse and neglect within the family, and abuse that occurs in institutional settings (Prevention Pathways, 2004: 12)."

Tags:treatment, neglect, concern, conflict

Abstract
This paper provides a detailed example of the Criminal Justice process in Canada. In order to better illustrate the example, the paper depicts a fictional account of an individual's journey from arrest, through the courts, through imprisonment and to parole.

From the Paper
"At the station, Henri was photographed, fingerprinted, and put in a cell. Because Henri seemed very agitated, the officer in charge of lock-up decided it would be in the public interest not to release him at that point (Personal Communication, Constable Brown, Victoria Police, March 14th 1999). Chiles demanded a Habeas Corpus to "illegitimacize" the arrest. The lock-up officer did not release Henri because the offense he was being charged with carried a sentence greater than five years. The officer did, however, promise to bring Henri before a Justice as soon as was practicable. (Griffiths & Verdun-Jones, 1994, p.227)."

Tags:correction, courts, criminal, criminology, law, police, survive, innocent, guilty, prison

Abstract
This essay was written as a rebuttal to the growing controversy over Canada's parole system, and parole laws. The essay strongly advocates upholding the system, and highlights some of its strengths; it remains relevant today. The essay focuses on crime statistics, and how they may be skewered by media coverage, misconceptions and facts about parole and obtaining parole, victim's rights re: victim impact statements, parole violation: statistics and misconceptions, statutory requirements re: parole, and costs of parole.

Tags:criminal, rehabilitation, release