Abstract
The paper focuses on the Tet-offensive, a three-staged attack by the Communist forces on many towns and bases that were under American or French control. The paper reveals that it was the first time the Communist forces were able to muster such a large attack without any knowledge by the Allies. The paper also considers the influence of televised news and the coming of age of a new generation of Americans. The paper shows how the Tet-offensive was the most damaging blow to American support of the war at home, and so can be seen as a turning point for the Vietnam War.

From the Paper
"In 1950 when President Harry Truman sent the first initial monetary support to help France's efforts in Vietnam, no one could have guessed the level of American involvement that would follow in the next twenty years. During this time as the numbers of dead and wounded Americans grew, so did the percentage of people that were in opposition to the Vietnam War. This is significant as it represents the first time in American history that the public was not in support of the war, and openly criticized their government's actions."

Tags:Communists, Allies, media, television, news, brutality

Abstract
This paper discusses the long history of Russia and the events that led to the 1905 revolution, which was one of the major events that led to the Bolshevik revolution of 1917. The paper discusses the major causes of the revolution, the political recourse of the revolution, and the long lasting impacts it had on society.

From the Paper
"Russian discontent went back as far as the 1800's. There was an almost non-existent middle-class. The country was ruled by a Tsar; he was the ultimate ruler and had control over taxation, law, army, religion, etc. Tsar shared some of his power with nobles (high class citizens) and the rest of the population was peasants and servants. The servants were basically slaves; they could be bought and sold as chattels. Clearly this presented a major problem amongst the general population and something needed to change. The non-noble class desperately needed an improvement in their lifestyles. However, how is a country that has been operating under the same concept and beliefs for centuries supposed to change its ways over night without major moves and reforms that could potentially cause more problems?"

Tags:tsars, alexander II, december uprising, bolsheviks, alexander III, zemstva, emancipation of serfs, crimean War

Abstract
This paper relates that the greenhouse effect is essential to life here on Earth and how it simply is the absorption and emission of infrared radiation by atmospheric gases. Without the protective dome created by the effect, life could not be sustained. The paper then goes on to examine how, unfortunately, human activity is now seriously threatening the survival of not only out own species, but of all life on Earth. The paper explains the background and discovery of the effect, the controversies surrounding it and steps that can be taken for a less damaging conformable lifestyle.

From the Paper
"The Greenhouse gas effect occurs in the surface-troposphere and was discovered in 1824 by the French mathematician and physicist, Joseph Fourier, and subsequently experimented on in 1858 by John Tyndall. The idea of the greenhouse effect was finally published by Svante Arrhenius in 1896. The Greenhouse effect is part of the reason Earth supports life; without its relatively constant temperature, the delicate balance of life would be tipped. The main Greenhouse Gases are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane and ozone. The effect is when the warmth of the sun gets trapped in the lower atmosphere, owing to the fact that the atmospheres' shell was weakened and allows more radiation in than the plant gives back. Consider the way heat in a greenhouse gets trapped by the glass, and how that heat in the greenhouse support the life it contains. However, these gases could not prepare for a distructive, carbon-based life form error. "

Tags:global, warming, pollution, toxins, tropopsphere

Abstract
This paper discusses environmental degradation at a national level within one country: India. It focuses on the damage caused, or related to, increased population growth in India which has a high population rate. The paper particularly reviews the link between high population growth rate and the environmental issue of deforestation in the nation of India.

Table of Contents:
India's Population
Deforestation
Causes of Deforestation

From the Paper
"Besides Africa, India has experienced one of the highest population increases in the past four decades. India has added about 600 million people to its population during the period ranging from 1951 to 1995. This is the second highest increment in population by any nation on Earth. Thus, India is the perfect example of a nation where population increases can be seen as directly relating to deforestation increases, and thereby, environmental degradation. What is more interesting about India's case is that it is an example of a developing nation with a democratic government that aspires to meet western developmental goals. As a result, India provides an excellent example of deforestation driven by western developmental influences and therefore provides an opportunity for developing countries to reflect on the desirability of western-style development. However, this additional scope of the India environmental topic is one that must be left for future examinations of the issue."

Tags:degradation, damage, soil, air, water, rain

Abstract
This paper defines violence and mental disorders and discusses the correlation between the two. It discusses whether people suffering from mental disorders have a predisposition to violence and if there is a higher rate of violence in mental disorder patients than the general population. The paper examines the contemporary view of mentally ill patients and whether or not mental illness is a contributor to violence in the society.

Table of Contents:
Abstract
Introduction
Defining Violence and Mental Disorders
Classification of Mental Disorders
Categories of Mental Disorders
Relationship between Mental Disorder and Violence
Conclusion

From the Paper
"From the various studies conducted in attempting to determine the link between mental disorders and violence, it is concluded that severe mental disorders do not independently predict violence, but these findings challenge perceptions that mental illness is a leading cause of violence in the general population. People with mental illness, however, do report violence more often, mostly because they show other factors associated with violence. Consequently, determining the link between violence and mental disorder requires consideration of its association with other variables, such as substance abuse, environmental stressors and a history of violence."

Tags:psychotic, anti-social, attack, crime

Abstract
This paper clearly interprets event and actions leading up the German and English reformations of the 16th century. It begins on the topic of Germany and its catalyst feudal systems and religious overlords, and goes on to study the works of martin Luther and his conniving methods and perseverance to proceed with his reformation through his 95-theses to eventually win the hearts of fed up peasants, merchants growing rich off the New World, greedy nobility, and challenge the authority of the Church and Pope. This paper also discusses the reformation of England started by King Henry VIII. It discusses in detail how Henry VIII invented his own hybrid religion, infused it into his own country to build national unity and to suit his own desires, and was excommunicated from the Catholic Church all while making himself the Supreme Head of the Church of England. This paper looks at societal cause and effects such as the printing press which allowed lower classes to become more educated, bible translations to common languages that allowed the lower classes to step past the clergy to speak freely with God, new merchant opportunities in the New World, and political gains of money and land.

From the Paper
"In Sixteenth-century Europe, the material world was becoming increasingly distinct and spiritual ideals more confused, as the printing press spread information and humanist studies inspired ideas of doctrinal difference. The nations were becoming even more conscious of their nationalities, and the faithful were pained about the short comings of society and of the church. From the beginning the impulse to reform the Church had mingled with political currents. The spiritual impulse was dominated by dynastic intrigue, greed, and war, and in the end national politics determined the fate of the Reformation all over Europe. What began in a mood of spiritual piety had its triumph in the rearrangement of secular power."

Tags:cardinal, century, charles, clement, diet, england, germany, henry, imperial, league, luther, martin, pope, press, printing, reformation, religion, religious, sixteenth, swabian, v, viii, wolsley, worms

Abstract
This paper addresses the impact of mainstreaming deaf children. It sights links between family and child as well as links between child and school. It focuses on specific forms of education for deaf children and the needs each style of learning will address. It favors the inclusion of deaf children while maintaining the uniqueness of the child's deaf community.

From the Paper
"Having a child who is deaf is a unique responsibility. Although deafness is generally seen as a disability, the Deaf community is a thriving culture bound by its own language (ASL), "a rich history of art, humor, literature and customs." Parents who discover they have a child who is deaf are faced with a series of life altering decisions unlike any they would make for a hearing child. (For the purpose of this paper, the Parents referred to will specifically, but not exclusively, be hearing parents). Having a child who is deaf in the family causes all previous dynamics to change totally. Parents are faced with choosing how to equip their child to communicate and interact in the family, school, and society. Once communication methods are chosen the parents must decide on the education methods best suited to their unique child. Being aware of the choices and decisions these parents face will make educators more involved and able to give educated suggestions. Understanding the family dynamics, choices and decisions involved in parenting a deaf child is the best way to understand the unique "deaf-abilities" these children bring to the classroom."

Tags:child, children, development, education, exclusion, inclusion, learning, mainstreaming, response, special, tailored, teacher

Abstract
The paper discusses how the Industrial Revolution changed social familial relations and the economy, introduced a working class and made new ideas and concepts very popular in Great Britain. The paper suggests that innovation is likely the greatest conceptual product of the Industrial Revolution. The paper concludes that the Industrial Revolution is best described as a period of great growth and change, which created positive ramifications many years down the road for the entire globe, but which also came at a very high cost of human suffering.

From the Paper
"During the late 18th and early 19th Centuries, a period of dramatic change took place in Great Britain that is known as the Industrial Revolution. The term is thought to have been developed through comparing the rapid social and economic changes in Britain to the French Revolution, which was also a period of great change, although of a different form (Hudson 2004: 33). A variety of factors led people living in England and Wales to begin moving from their rural homes into new urban areas to seem employment in factories instead of working on the rural farms. The massive migration of people into urban areas and the rapid development of technology and infrastructure created historically unique changes in the way individuals lived their lives. The Industrial Revolution was a time period in which social familial relations changed, the economy switched from being based in agriculture to manufacturing, a working class developed and new ideas and concepts became very popular."

Tags:innovation, working, class, factories, families, technology

Abstract
This paper differentiates between the dangerous slab avalanche, and the often harmless powder avalanche. It explains what weather conditions contribute to the worst avalanches. It also examines the significant impacts avalanches have on the environment and shows certain preventative techniques to protect and limit the damages and deaths caused by avalanches.

From the Paper
"There are two types of avalanches; powder avalanches and slab avalanches. In very cold, dry weather, light powdery snow grains don't stick together. If this snow is pushed down the slope, it forms a powder avalanche, which swirls along like an enormous white cloud. Normally these avalanches aren't that dangerous as there isn't much snow in them, they are also easy to get away from, most of the time. The slab avalanche is the most dangerous, and causes the most damage. A slab avalanche starts off as a solid chunk of frozen snow about the size of a soccer field and about 30 feet thick ( McClung, David and Schaerer, Peter, 129). It usually forms on sunny days that are followed by frosty nights and snow that melts and freezes again. These slabs are cracked, commonly by the edge of a ski, and break into many different thick pieces that haul down the slope, taking out whatever is in its path."

Tags:avalanche, disasters, disasters, natural, related, weather

Abstract
This paper evaluates the reasons for non-parental child care in today's day and age due to demographic changes in the structure of the family and the need for mother's to work. It examines the results of several surveys on the direct effect of this type of care on child development and outlines the options which are available to families who are concerned for their child's early development, but are also in need of two incomes.

From the Paper
"Historical changes in family and economic trends have created the need for non-parental child care through a number of different societal changes. The move of families from the farms to urban settings and increased school attendance for children resulted in a reduced need for the mother to remain at home. Over time more women have been joining the work force, which has lead to an increase of financially independent women as well as less financial interdependence between wives and husbands. Society has also witnessed increased levels of divorce and children born out of wedlock. These changes in social trends have resulted in the majority of children living in one parent families or dual-earner families, which has consequently created an increased number of children requiring non-parental care for a large portion of each working day (Hernandez, 1995.)"

Tags:mother, work, force, child, care, facility, environment, society