Abstract
This essay examines the savings and loans industry and argues that deregulation is better in a free market society when properly applied. Corporate America prides itself on providing opportunity for those with ambition and a strong work ethic; deregulation promotes these concepts. According to the paper, any abuses that result from deregulation such as criminal activity are costs involved in a free society that are simply not the fault of the motivated entrepreneurs. The paper further contends that criminals are opportunists and the criminal justice system should play the lead role in deterring their activities; not government intervention, which is completely inappropriate when Congress reaps the benefits of deregulation but fails to properly address its pitfalls.

From the Paper
"The conviction of deregulators was that the free enterprise system works best if left alone, unhampered by perhaps well-meaning but ultimately counterproductive government regulations (Schichor, Gaines, and Ball, 2002). Private enterprise works best if not overburdened by government bureaucracy. Deregulation allows private industry to offer higher interest rates and attract more money into the economy. An active, vibrant economy creates employment and bolsters the country's economic situation. For, at the same time that the new law unleashed savings and loans to compete for new money, it bolstered the federal protection accorded these "private enterprise" institutions, increasing FSLIC insurance from a maximum of $40,000 to $100,000 per deposit (Schichor, Gaines, and Ball, 2002)."

Tags:entrepreneurs, capitalism, crime, free, market

Abstract
This paper discusses the impact of September 11 tragedy on the economic conditions of the United States. The author examines how the economy, which had showed a dismal performance for three consecutive quarters before September, completely collapsed when the disaster struck as consumer spending decreased with lower purchasing power, investment and borrowing declined, all industries reported lower profits and there was an alarming increase in unemployment. The paper also briefly discusses the condition of the airline industry after the tragic events of 9/11.

From the paper:

"The United States economy had already been predicted to go into recession when the tragedy of September 11 struck and accelerated the downward spiral of economic conditions of our country. . The economy crumpled as many industries in the country were hit harshly by the attacks and the slow down finally took shape of recession. After three quarters of poor GDP growth, it was almost certain that the economy was heading towards recession but September 11th attacks only accelerated the negative process. The government has been unable to generate enough Consumer-spending despite several announcements of tax cuts, which are aimed at giving people more purchasing power. Money supply and demand in the market is insufficient to tempt businessmen to increase production."

Tags:consumer, cuts, federal, investment, low, recession, reserve, spending, tax, unemploymnet

Abstract
This paper examines the latest economic data in the United States to examine whether the current situation can be called a recession and discusses what steps should be taken to prevent a recession.

From the Paper
"As with basically every other nation in the world, the United States has had it's share of recessions, the latest of which, according to the National Bureau of Economic Research, began in March of 2001 (Irons). This came after an expansion that lasted exactly 10 years, making it the longest expansion recorded by the NBER (Hall). Many questions can be posed concerning our current recession. For example, what exactly is a recession, what are its indicators, how has this one been affected by the events of September 11, and what can boost our current economy and prevent recessions in the future?"

Tags:9, 11, 2001, bureau, economic, economy, fiscal, monetary, national, policy, recession, research, september

Abstract
This paper studies the political, social, and economic factors that brought on the great depression in 1929 in the United States. It gives a historical overview of the situation before the outbreak of the great depression and the part that World War I played in causing it. The author feels that many people believe that the stock market crash of 1929 caused the great depression, but this is not true. He also finds that many people believed that President Roosevelt's New Deal ended the great depression, but this is also not completely factual. According to the author, historical facts show that the stock market crash was the beginning of the great depression but that political, social, and economic problems were the real causes. Also, historical evidence shows that The New Deal helped the recovery but that the United States' entry into World War II was the main reason that the great depression ended.

From the Paper
"This is one of the most famous songs of The Great Depression, a time beginning in 1929 and lasting until 1940. This was a time of unemployment, hardship, hunger, and despair. Many people believe that the stock market crash of 1929 caused the Great Depression, but this is not true. Many people also believe that President Roosevelt's New Deal ended the Great Depression, but this is also not completely factual. The historical facts show that the stock market crash was the beginning of the Great Depression but that political, social, and economic problems were the real causes. Also, historical evidence shows that The New Deal helped the recovery but that the United States entering into World War II was the main reason that the Great Depression ended."

Tags:1920s, 1930s, 1940s, deal, depression, education, history, income, inflation, jobs, market, money, paper, stock, term, unemployment, unions, work, Roosevelt, crash, political, social, economic

Abstract
Before 1990 a labor market, in the common sense of the term, did not exist in Poland. However with the fall of communism in Eastern Europe, Poland underwent a period of great transition characterized by drastic changes in the nation's economic sphere. There are various aspects to the labor market that can help one understand the nature of these changes which have shaped Poland over the last decade. The paper examines the most notable, employment and unemployment, and their common relationship effects on job vacancies and inflation.

Outline:
Overview
Employment
Private Sector Employment
Unemployment
Unemployment, Vacancies and Inflation
Conclusion

From the Paper
"Over the last decade Poland experienced a great transformation in the size of its labor force. This transformation brought a large decline in numbers of the working population (employed) and employees (working for a wage or salary) within the civilian economy. This was attributed to the great change and re-allocation of the labor force. Levels of employment have been declining quite systematically since 1990. Many workers lost their jobs, either for a limited time or permanently. Another substantial number of workers changed employment quite rapidly, barely without a small period of unemployment between their old and new jobs. The transition also has brought a larger number of pensioners as a result of the introduction of early retirement schemes, as well as an increase in the number of disability claims. People who were afraid that they might lose their jobs had they exposed their health problems were now able to get disability status. In Poland the number of old age pensioners and disabled people increased by 1 438 000 in the period from 1990 to 1996."

Tags:communism, economic, employment, unemployment, vacancies, inflation, employees, pensioners, socialized, trade, turbulence-index

Abstract
The paper offers some background information on Argentina and outlines the events leading up to its financial crisis. The paper deals with the impact of the Convertibility Plan, the role of the International Monetary Fund and the lessons that can be learned from such a crisis.

Outline:
Introduction
Background Information
Events Leading Up To the Crisis
The Impact of the Convertibility Plan
The Role of the International Monetary Fund
Lessons That Can Be Learned From the Crisis
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The capital, Buenos Aires, is without a doubt South America's most European city, renown for its Tango music and dance. The country has produced a plethora of incredibly talented and influential people that have become icons world-wide, such as: Jose Luis Borges (one of the most critically acclaimed writers of the 20th century); Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, commonly known as Che: (physician, idealist and Marxist revolutionary); Evita Peron (the most powerful and influential woman to surge from South American, arguably for her time the most powerful in the world); Diego Maradonna one of the greatest international soccer players to ever live and two of the greatest tennis players of the game, Guillermo Vilas and David Nalbandian."

Tags:International, Monetary, Fund, Convertibility, Plan, inflation, recession

Abstract
Examines poverty in Canada and whether or not the problem is as large as made out to be. The writer compares absolute and relative poverty measures and what these statistics mean. It begins by providing a basic definition of poverty and how this relates to the situation in Canada. It then takes a look at the poverty stats in Canada and how these are played out on a day-to-day basis.

From the Paper
"Poverty is an enduring social issue. Poverty is as much of a problem today as it has been since the birth of capitalism; although capitalism is not the sole cause of poverty. Poverty is a contentious issue for numerous reasons. First off, there is not a unilaterally accepted definition of poverty. Both relative and absolute measures of poverty are undertaken, with each producing different sets of data and implications. The causes of poverty are varied and are mainly a by-product of the nature of the Canadian economy. Capitalism itself is less of a cause as is the discrimination within the job market that capitalism permits. When these factors are fully taken into account and fully understood, only then will the poverty issue be an issue of the past."

Tags:absolute, cut, income, lines, low, off, poor, relative

Abstract
The paper examines the Social Union Framework Agreement (SUFA), also known as the Calgary Declaration, and the effect it will have on fiscal federalism. It argues that the SUFA is a realization that modern federalism is not sufficient to govern a complex and highly decentralized modern welfare state. The paper also includes charts, figures and graphs.

From the Paper
"The manifest purpose of SUFA is to manage intergovernmental relations in the area of social policy, given the high degree of interconnectedness between federal and provincial social programs. These intergovernmental relations include not only the social programs by each level of government, but also, the management of transfer payments from the federal government to the provinces. It is these transfer payments which permit a high degree of program decentralization given centralization of taxation powers; in theory, this type of arrangement ought to be economically efficient by allowing program delivery to be customized to local circumstances, but maintaining national taxation standards to avoid taxation policies which would promote factor flight, resulting in an inefficient allocation of labor and capital. Increasingly, however, revenues available to the provinces through taxation and transfers are inadequate to meet their program needs. This "vertical fiscal imbalance", though disputed by the federal government, is a serious long-term problem for provincial governments and a major motivation behind the "Calgary Declaration" which led to SUFA. On analysis, though, SUFA does not restrain the spending power of the federal government the way the provinces had intended, and will not have any meaningful impact on vertical fiscal imbalance."

Tags:canada, intergovernmental, programs, relations, social, union, framework, agreement, calgary, declaration

Abstract
In this paper, the writer examines the idea of global warming and discusses the accuracy of predictions regarding its overall effects and the root causes of the problem. The writer also discusses the research that predictions of global warming are based upon and examines the conflicting studies presented by governmental and international bodies. In addition, the writer argues that UN mechanisms put in place to decrease carbon emissions and reduce the planets temperature rise, will, in fact, have the opposite effect. The writer postulates that for Canada, the cost of adherence to the Kyoto protocols will be excessive and quotes a number of researchers in evidence. The paper is accompanied by a number of tables and graphs.

Outline:
Introduction
Global Warming: Science and Scepticism
The Kyoto Protocol: Loopholes and Exceptions
Canada's and Kyoto: Economic Impacts of Meeting the Reduction Goals
Conclusion

From the Paper
"In 1998 the first and most comprehensive study of compliance costs to Canada was done by the National Climate Change Process (NCCP), a group formed by various Canadian government officials. The results were not what the government had hoped for. The study predicts long term negative effects on the Canadian economy of between 0.5 to 3% per year, and up to 20 years recovery time. Real wages would drop between 1 and 4%, and there would be significant risk of damaging levels of inflation. According to the analysis, it is not Alberta, but Saskatchewan and Ontario that are the hardest hit provinces"

Tags:global warming, Kyoto, United Nations, carbon emissions, Canada offsets

Abstract
Using Ben Carniol's "Case Critical: Challenging Social Services in Canada", as well as Larry Jonston's "Politics: An Introduction to the Modern Democratic State," this paper discusses the welfare state in Canada, the development of it and its shrinkage within the past one hundred year. The author shows evidence that the modern welfare state is shrinking in today's society because of the advancement of right wing politics and the decline of Keynesianism as a solution to the problems of the people of Canada.

From the Paper
"It is important to remember that Canada did not invent the welfare state, it was merely adopted during the development of the country. It was the adoption of these welfare state ideals, that has lead Canada to develop things such as free public Health Care, Employment Insurance, public education and welfare itself. Ben Carniol (2000) explains the welfare states creation in the terms of industrial England where it first surfaced in the modern form. The creation of a welfare state began when the capitalistic owners of large factories in England were beginning to become disgruntled by the constant visitation of representatives from the numerous charitable organizations that had formed in the country to help the poor and underprivileged survive in the new society that saw the factory owners compete for profits at the expense of the men who worked for them under sometimes extremely harsh conditions. It was agreed upon that some sort of central organization for the collection of charity from the owners would be necessary to ensure that the money was going to charity and not people who had begun cheating the system in order to make money for themselves."

Tags:welfare, canada, state, development, insurance, employment, public, education, england, politics, right, wing, charity, poor, family, allowance, england, tax, cuts, fiscal, policy, subsidies, government, north, america, marginal, poor, poverty