From the Paper
In recent years, a controversy has arisen over the issue of whether or not motorcycle riders should be required by law to wear helmets. Those who favor such laws claim that helmets help to reduce the occurrence of head injuries in motorcycle accidents. As such, it is argued that the use of helmets helps in reducing the number of deaths and disabilities which are caused by such injuries. Those who are opposed to mandatory helmet laws claim that the motorcycle rider cannot see or hear properly while wearing a helmet. In addition, the opponents of laws mandating helmets argue that they have a right to freedom of choice in the matter. It is argued that the government has no right to legislate on this issue, and that any attempt to do so is an infringement of personal liberties.

At this time, the controversy over motorcycle helmets is ... "

Abstract
This paper discusses many forms of driver inattention on the road today. The paper states that Americans, and other drivers around the world, treat their cars like an extension of their homes: Eating, drinking, watching movies, talking on the phone, putting on make-up and even brushing their teeth in their cars, while driving. The author feels that the causes of these behaviors are our busy lifestyle, where we try to cram too much into each day.

From the Paper
"Road rage is a relatively new problem to the country's drivers, and it has affected everyone who ever sits down behind the wheel. A study by the American Automobile Association's Foundation for Traffic Safety found a 51 percent increase between 1990 and 1996 in incidents of motorists behaving in an overtly hostile manner. They found that road rage has grown over 7 percent in the 90s. "At least 1,500 men, women, and children are seriously injured or killed each year in the United States as a result of senseless traffic disputes and altercations."

Tags:driver, inattention, homes, busy, lifestyle, traffic, disputes, ban

Abstract
This paper explains that, although some people feel that using a cell phone does not present a greater distraction than talking with a passenger, tuning the radio, applying make-up, eating, or performing other tasks common while driving, studies have proven that, while tasks such as these do cause accidents, cell phones are still more dangerous. The author points out that ninety percent of European countries have cell phone driving bans, each with a different type of restriction. For example, in the United Kingdom, a driver can use a cell phone, but in the event of an accident while using a cell phone, the driver may be fined. The paper concludes that hands-free kits provide a highly accessible and practical alternative to traditional cell phone use, so drivers no longer can be excused for talking on a cell phone; however, pulling over to use the phone is still the smartest idea.

From the Paper
"A number of recent studies prove the hazards of driving while on a cellular phone. The University of Utah concluded that drivers on cell phones are more likely to not remember seeing pedestrians, billboards, or other objects found on the roadside. A study led by the National Safety Council in 2001 indicated that cell phone users miss traffic signals twice as often as those not using phones while driving. Those that did not miss traffic signals often took longer to react. Progressive Insurance reported that forty-six percent of 837 drivers surveyed swerved into others lanes, twenty-three percent drove too close to the car in front of them, eighteen percent came very close to an accident, and ten percent ran a red light. Ford has shown that teenage drivers are four times more distracted than middle-aged adults using cell phones."

Tags:distractions, hazards, studies, restrictions, hands-free

Abstract
This paper looks at the different factors that need to be addressed when designing hand-held power tools. The author argues that when ergonomic factors are Incorporated into their design, there are less instances of injury, less sick days, and production is increased as a result.

From the paper:

"A well-designed tool can provide a number of important advantages that can be immediately noticeable. Ergonomically designed hand-tools contribute to the prevention of injuries which will then increase productivity on a continuous basis, improve the quality of the products produced, and reduce the absenteeism in a company for health related causes. Properly controlling the ergonomic factors such as the physical loads a person exerts (through the design of the handle and trigger), vibrations, and noise of the hand tool will decrease the chances of an injury occurring on the job."

Tags:ergonomics, hand, held, power, tools, workplace, injury, design, production

Abstract
This paper discusses how and why errors are made in aircraft maintenance and how they can be prevented. The author stresses the need for teamwork and checks and balances. The paper reviews aircraft safety procedures.

From the Paper
"As in any highly complex system, errors occur in aircraft maintenance operations. However, unlike most work performed by professional mechanics, failure to perform aircraft maintenance properly can place human lives at risk. Workers can never eliminate risk, but proper procedures performed by competent well trained and well-equipped maintenance personnel can reduce these risks significantly. Errors can easily occur when maintenance responsibilities fall on one person. Safety assurance should rely on a qualified team of technicians instead of one person. In other word, when only one person ..."

Tags:Aviation, malpractice, aircraft maintenance, maintenance errors, FAA, NTSB

Abstract
This is an examination of possible human error at work and the consequences. The author discusses various safety precautions such as safety procedures and training for personnel and the possible accidents that can occur if these are to be ignored.

From the Paper
"Human error is something that affects many workers in the industrial world but with the correct safety procedures and precautions at the workplace it can be decreased. To begin discussion of human error it must be understood that a variety of contributors can be classified as human error. As described by Fred Manuele some of these factors are a system in which there is unnecessary danger or difficulty, inadequate facilities or information to the operator, and increased performance beyond what the operator can handle (153). Human error can be defined as the failure of planned actions to achieve their desired ends, without the intervention of some unforeseeable event (Kantowitz 30)."

Tags:island, mile, occupational, hazards, accident, precaution, risk, union

Abstract
This paper explores what is meant by the 'devaluation' of real health and safety, by discussing the credibility gap in company senior leadership, risk aversion versus risk minimization in industry and public, and reporting and recording standards in the United Kingdom. It also looks at how various aspects of these three issues contribute to the loss of credibility of occupational health and safety in the eyes of industry and the public as well as the discrepancy between occupational health and safety standards and actual company practice.

Outline:
Introduction: The Devaluation of Real Health and Safety
Discussion: Credibility Gap
Discussion: Reporting and Recording
Discussion: Risk Aversion versus Risk Minimization

From the Paper
"Recording and Reporting plays an important role in documenting company OHS performance. Its predominant role is to measure numbers of work related injuries and illnesses as well as narrowly avoided severe incidents commonly referred to as high potentials. Such a method of measuring is needed for companies to determine their progress, and for regulatory organizations to determine if they are in violation of the law. RIDDOR accumulates data for the UK to regulate and also reveal useful trends and indicators. The HSE is aware of the flaws within RIDDOR, and has actively sought input from stakeholders to consider alternative options and modifications. The relationship between OHS reporting and financial gain or loss for a company further increases the risk of faulty or manipulated reporting. Though RIDDOR is the law in the UK, UK base companies can be subjected to additional reporting regimes tied to foreign regulations (United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) if listed on the New York Stock Exchange) and voluntary industry reporting standards such as International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (OGP)) ."

Tags:risk, credibility, reporting

Abstract
This paper discusses why cell phones are so dangerous by looking at a variety of accidents and injuries caused by cell phones. The author argues for the necessity of national legislation banning hand held cell phones while driving. Includes an a persuasive discussion of the way that advanced technology and communication has affected society.

From the Paper
"Radios, pets, other people in your cars. What do these things have in common? They are all distractions to a person that is driving a car. However there is one other distraction that is worse than any of these combined. This distraction can make you 4 times as likely to crash. It can be just as harmful as drunk driving (Frankfield 1). What is this distraction? It is a simple device that millions upon millions of people in our country own and use daily. It is a device that can ironically save our lives in times of danger. It is a cellular phone. It is for this reason that legislation must be passed nationally banning the use of hand held cell phones while driving."

Tags:communication, hazard, dabger, safety, inhury, accident, concentration, technology

Abstract
The paper examines the reasons why people do and do not wear seatbeats in their cars. It shows the results of not wearing a seatbelt when involved in an accident and discusses the deaths of two professional athletes, Mike Darr and Derrick Thomas, who were involved in fatal accidents when they didn't wear seatbelts.

From the Paper
"People shouldn't believe every story flying around these days. The truth is that ALL driving can be dangerous, seatbelt vs. no seatbelt. However, drivers and passengers should ALWAYS wear a seatbelt, whether it's going a block from the house or on a road trip. It's a dangerous game to play when driving without a seatbelt. With the help of two pro athletes' deaths, Mike Darr and Derrick Thomas, this essay illustrates that wearing a seatbelt will not only save a life, but also make people feel more secure while they are in a car."

Tags:buckle, up, drunk, hospital, security

Abstract
The writer reveals that hockey players will not wear helmets on the outdoor rink because their friends may think they are not 'cool' or because they reason that they get too cold. The writer argues that a person's safety is definitely more important than appearance and that one does not get cold with a helmet. The writer relates that he has seen many injuries on the outdoor rink that could have easily been prevented by wearing a helmet. The writer concludes that players need to think where they wish to be in twenty years; in a wheelchair, or walking by their child's side?

From the Paper
"It was when I was at Stephen Leacock behind the school where we were playing hockey on the outdoor rink. I turned around and I realized that my dad was lying on his back right behind a rut on the ice. Everyone around quickly stopped playing because they realized he was injured. Luckily, he only suffered a minor concussion. Some people, however, are not so lucky and they end up with brain damage, or even worse: death."

Tags:peer, pressure, appearance, concussions, brain