Abstract
This paper describes differing styles parents used to bring up children. The author focuses on his own experience, stating that he thinks the authoritative style is the best. The paper also presents information from various studies that have been carried out on this subject.

From the Paper
"Parenting styles have a profound impact on development. The way an individual is raised is often displayed in the ways in which they act and raise their own children. Studies have shown that in most cases, if an individual was raised in a certain way, they will raise their own children that same particular way. Furthermore, I feel that in mental health settings, an individual will be more receptive to a type of counseling which may be similar to the method in which they were raised.
"My parents were unquestionably authoritative parents. An authoritative parent is "firm, setting clear and consistent limits... they are loving and emotionally supportive" (Feldman, 2008, p.278). I feel this way because they would always give me my options. If I were doing something wrong they would give me the choice - either to keep doing what I was doing and face a consequence or to stop the behavior and I would not face a consequence. They would always take the time to explain things; as in telling me why something was wrong, e.g. if you keep your shoes on in the house you will make it more dirty, and this will make more work for all of us."

Tags:children, authoritative, supportive

Abstract
The paper states that the topic of recovered memories and false memories with respect to childhood sexual abuse is closely connected to memory issues of amnesia and delayed recall. The paper comments that although it is impossible to determine exactly how common amnesia and delayed recall are in cases of child sexual abuse, research does indicate that both phenomena occur with respect to child sexual abuse. The paper suggests that one explanation for why it does not occur, may be related to the types of abuse experience, in that repeated abuse may be more likely to cause amnesia or delayed recall.

Outline:
Introduction
Research concerning child sexual abuse and amnesia
Disagreement of the literature
Amnesia
Delayed Recall
Prevalence
- problems with determining prevalence
Suggested Explanations
- Type of Trauma
Conclusion

From the Paper
"The literature is also somewhat convoluted on the subject, as some researchers find traumatic events are encoded in more detail than non traumatic events, while others find that traumatic events are forgotten altogether. Such is the case when amnesia occurs. Amnesia refers to a loss of memory, most often of declarative memory as opposed to procedural memory (how to tie your shoe laces) (Colman, 2003). Although vivid intrusions of traumatic images and sensations are some of the most dramatic expressions of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), a disorder commonly associated with childhood sexual abuse, the loss of recollections for traumatic experiences is also well documented. Research suggests that for some victims of trauma, having no recall of the abuse is based on more than just ordinary forgetting associated with the passage of time, their young age at the time of trauma, or lack of salience of the traumatic event"

Tags:trauma, child, brutalization, sexual, abuse, memories

Abstract
The paper discusses the development of a child between conception and birth and S. Cooper's research on fetal alcohol syndrome. The paper discusses the first few years of life and the development of attachment as researched by Harry Harlow, early childhood and middle childhood and their psychosocial challenges as identified by Erik Erikson and adolescent teenagers' sense of egocentrism as illustrated by David Elkind. The paper then looks at young adulthood and Kohlberg's model of moral reasoning development and middle adulthood's challenge as theorized by Erik Erikson. Finally, the paper addresses late adulthood and the development of Alzheimer's disease and end of life issues as defined by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross.

Outline:
Conception through Birth
First Three Years of Life
Early Childhood
Middle Childhood
Adolescence
Young Adulthood
Middle Adulthood
Late Adulthood
End of Life

From the Paper
"There are a number of different dangers that can threaten the healthy development of a child between the time of conception and birth. A child begins as a zygote until its first 2 weeks, then moves on to being an embryo between 3 and 8 weeks, and finally, is considered a fetus from 9 weeks until birth (usually around 38 weeks). The first three months of pregnancy are the most dangerous for an unborn child, and during this time a child can be threatened by teratogens, which are harmful agents in the prenatal environment that can have negative impacts on a child's development. One of the most common of teratogens is alcohol. The consumption of alcohol during pregnancy can lead to a syndrome called Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, which causes mental retardation, abnormally small size, as well as organ, facial and limb abnormalities."

Tags:egocentrism, attachment, fetal, alcohol, syndrome, Alzheimer's, moral, reasoning

Abstract
In this article, the writer notes that while the concept of cosmetic surgery remains a controversial topic amongst many people today, the practice of cosmetic surgery has become a common procedure for many North Americans. The writer points out that despite growing popularity, there is an increase in social debate over the accessibility and utilization of cosmetic surgery for teenagers. This paper seeks to explore how cosmetic surgery can be damaging, both physically and emotionally, for teenagers. The writer discusses that teenagers struggle to express themselves, yet disdain for their appearance may be deep-seeded and may have more to do with personal dissatisfaction than how they actually appear. The writer maintains that teenagers considering cosmetic surgery should have to undergo certain levels of counselling, both to determine whether they are making a wise decisions and to teach teenagers to look inwards for answers and not assume that purchasing a new body will solve all of their social and emotional problems.

From the Paper
" We are not helping teenagers by offering singular and evasive surgeries as solutions to their social woes. Understandably there may be cause for argument that some procedures are acceptable, but cosmetic surgery should never be seen as a necessary solution to the difficult pubescent years. If parents are going to allow their teenagers to undergo cosmetic surgery, they should remain part of the process and not distance themselves from the decisions their teen will have to make. Becoming involved and asking questions a teenager may not have thought of may in fact deter a teenager from making a decision they ultimately may live to regret. Teenagers have yet to develop a sense of mortality and permanency in their train of thinking. Cosmetic surgery is permanent and rarely reversible. A teenager may be enchanted by the idea of a perfect quick fix, but should the procedure go awry, as they may, teenagers are not emotionally equipped with the tools that will allow them to deal with such trauma."

Tags:body, apeparance, growing, up, adolescent, change

Abstract
This paper argues that it is time to re-think the homework debate and focus our attention on how educators can make homework a more valued part of the learning process. With all of its potential positive outcomes, educators must find ways to make homework an interesting and challenging educational experience for students. The paper includes graphs and tables. It takes on a Canadian perspective.

Paper Outline:
Defining Homework (including types)
Arguments for Homework
Arguments against Homework
Designing Quality Homework Programs
Works Cited

From the Paper
"If teachers are not careful when assigning homework the effects can become detrimental to both students' learning and their attitudes towards education. Some of the main arguments against homework are as follows: Students don't get enough sleep; they are tired the next day of school, becoming stressed and anxious about their education (Caston & Penrose, 2003). Secondly, homework limits the time that students can spend with their family and friends, and the time parents do spend doing homework with their children can result in tension and fights. Asking children to sit down and do homework at an early age may be developmentally inappropriate and therefore counterproductive."

Tags:education, elementary, special, students, teachers

Abstract
This paper is a study of children's behaviour in kindergarten. It includes situations they face, a detailed analysis of their behavior and a plan of how to deal with their behavior, all written by whom they were observed. This paper describes the observations that the author made as well as his conclusions regarding the children's behaviour.

From the Paper
"Observed Behavior: It is playtime, and two of the girls are at the art center having a conversation, during which they both decide that they want to do the same thing with the materials. Abby decides that if they share the piece they will both be happier. Heaven does not think that this is a good idea, for she had the piece of material first, so she argues with Abby telling her that whoever had it first gets the siding (the piece of material). Then as they are fighting, and I think that intervention will be needed, Abby decides to explain the concept of sharing to Heaven and then asks her if she understands. Heaven slowly but surely, nods her head ?yes.? They cut the piece, the person who did not actually cut, got to choose which piece of the siding she wanted in order to make it fair. Then afterwards when I came back, both girls were playing happily."

Tags:analysis, behavour, children, educations, observation, observations, plan

Abstract
Could the way we treat our children have an effect on how they think, look, and act? The paper brings in research in which psychologists analyze the behavior of infants to learn whether or not gender roles are created or stem from something biological. The writer looks at examples from items in any store that are geared towards boys and girls. The paper attempts to prove that we are possibly responsible for these stereotypes.

From the Paper
"The reasoning for gender differences is not always clear. It may have been human nature to label infants in order to better interact with them. It might be a way of dividing society into groups. There does not seem to be one clear reason for the labeling, but one thing is certain, there is a division. We treat children differently depending on their sex. Boys engage in rough and tumble play while girls often mimic the actions of their mother in the home, like cooking and cleaning and looking after the baby. These examples are not always what happens, but are believed to be the norm. Boys follow the example set for them by their father and girls in turn follow the example set for them by their mother."

Tags:masculine, feminine, labelling, research, children

Abstract
The paper refers to the literature concerning obsessive compulsive dsorders (OCD) in children and adolescents that shows how the disorder is not only debilitating but also lacking in the necessary tools for assessment and treatment. The paper discusses the classification of OCD as an anxiety disorder and reveals that the prevalence of the disorder is under diagnosed and underestimated. The paper includes the writer's personal reaction that much more research is necessary within this area of psychology.

Outline:
Lack of Research
What is Known about Childhood and Adolescent OCD
Classification of OCD
Some Additional Research
Prevalence
Personal Reaction

From the Paper
"Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic and potentially disabling neuropsychiatric condition, which often emerges during late childhood or early adolescence. This disorder is characterized by recurrent obsessions and/or compulsions which are deemed to be excessive to the extent that they cause distress in a person's life, and disrupt daily living patterns and functioning (APA, 1994). OCD in children tends to dominate every aspect of the affected child's life (Wolff & Wolff, 1991). The presence of obsessive thoughts and the overwhelming need to perform compulsive rituals may adversely affect the child's family and peer relationships, school performance, vocational functioning, participation in extracurricular activities, self-esteem, and emotional well-being (Wand, Furer & Shady, 1993; Thomsen & Jensen, 1991; Toro, Cevera, Osejo & Salamero, 1992)."

Tags:symptoms, rituals, assessment, treatment, depression, suicide

Abstract
This research attempts to examine the extent to which the media influences the lives of adolescents. The author attempts to investigate how the media impacts the socialization of the youth culture and whether the media is so powerful that it has come to replace other socialization agents such as the family, school and peers. The author examines the way socialization agents impact stages of development and how each contribute to another aspect of the individual's forming personality and attitudes. The author makes use of various sociological theories for supporting evidence.

Table of Contents:

Chapters

1.0 Statement of Research Problem

1.1 Research Problem 2

2.0 Introduction to Theoretical Perspectives

and Review of Literature 3

2.1 Introduction to the Media as an Agent of Socialization 3

2.2 Getting to Know the 3

2.3 The 4

2.4 How the Media Socializes 5

2.5 Media as an Industry 5

2.6 Development of Gender Roles

and Consciousness of Achieved Status 6

2.7 Global Impact vs. Role in North American Society 7

2.8 Pros and Cons of Media Dominance 7

2.9 Independent and Dependant Variables 8

2.10 The Test 8

2.11 The Respondents 9

2.12 The Choice of a Questionnaire 9

2.13 Possible 9

2.14 Validity of Respondents 10

2.15 Questionnaire Distribution 10

2.16 Questions to Answers 11

2.17 Conclusion to Theoretical Perspectives

and Review of Literature 11

3.0 Administration Overview 12

3.1 Time Schedule 12

3.2 Budget 12

3.3 Ethical Issues 13

4.0 Measurement Overview 13

4.1 Existing research 14

5.0 Analysis Overview 14

6.0 Implications 14

6.1 Practical Applications 15

Figure #1 The Questionnaire 16

References 18

From the Paper
"There is a problem in Canada that youth are unaware of the significance of the media and its influence on their day-to-day lives. The main questions that will be investigated in the research and hopefully answered if not fully understood by the end of the study would be as follows: How important is the media in the socialization of Canadian popular cultured youth? Is the media the most influential agent of socialization in a teenager's life? Has the media replaced the family, school and peers for being the centre of acquired knowledge for youth? Existing sociological theory suggest we have varying agents of socialization that have different effects on us at different stages of our development and life course. Agents of Socialization are people, groups or institutions that teach people what they need to know in order to participate in society. During the elementary years of school peers are the most important influence. A peer group is a group of people who are linked by common interest, equal social position, and similar age categories. Even as adults we are still influenced by our peers. In this study it will be discussed that the media because of its worldwide accessibility has become a great contributor to socialization than the peer group between the ages of 15-18. The stage of development, which will be conveyed, is called anticipatory socialization (to be discussed in further detail in the theoretical discussion section). This influence at the ages of 15-18, which is referred to, as adolescence will carry on for the future generations as a vital agent of socialization through, out their adult lives."

Tags:agents, candian, culture, film, music, pop, popular, socialization, sociology, television

Abstract
This paper evaluates the reasons for non-parental child care in today's day and age due to demographic changes in the structure of the family and the need for mother's to work. It examines the results of several surveys on the direct effect of this type of care on child development and outlines the options which are available to families who are concerned for their child's early development, but are also in need of two incomes.

From the Paper
"Historical changes in family and economic trends have created the need for non-parental child care through a number of different societal changes. The move of families from the farms to urban settings and increased school attendance for children resulted in a reduced need for the mother to remain at home. Over time more women have been joining the work force, which has lead to an increase of financially independent women as well as less financial interdependence between wives and husbands. Society has also witnessed increased levels of divorce and children born out of wedlock. These changes in social trends have resulted in the majority of children living in one parent families or dual-earner families, which has consequently created an increased number of children requiring non-parental care for a large portion of each working day (Hernandez, 1995.)"

Tags:mother, work, force, child, care, facility, environment, society