Abstract
This paper discusses how the goal of existential therapy is to help the client to enhance their own knowledge of self and to guide their own development. The paper then compares existential therapy to reality therapy and explains that the later focuses on teaching clients how to make more effective choices in their lives and how to re-direct or direct the patterns in their lives. The paper also examines how both therapies have a few similarities, which can be seen in how both methods of therapy emphasize a trusting and open relationship between the client and therapist. Additionally, the paper examines how both therapies view the individual as ultimately responsible for his or her choices, as well as being capable of directing his or her own life.

From the Paper
"William Glasser developed reality therapy in the 1960s as a method of teaching individuals how to control the outcome of their lives. Its focus is on teaching clients how to make more effective choices in their lives and how re-direct or direct the patterns in their lives. It also teaches coping mechanisms for dealing with the stress and problems that do occur in every day life. The basic premise of Reality Therapy is that although we cannot change what has happened in our past, we do still posses free will, and with that free will comes the ability to choose how we act in the future and how we respond to the issues that we run into in our lives. Reality Therapy dictates that the therapeutic relationship must be a trusting one that creates an environment where a client can learn to discover what they truly want in life, reflect on how they have been attempting to meet their goals in the past and in the present, and finally, to develop a plan for how they will more effectively seek out their goals in the future. "

Tags:relationship, life, responsibility

Abstract
This paper is a psychological report written as an exercise based on public information about a hypothetical public figure. The writer describes the fictitious patient in detail, giving her personal history and background. The DSM-IV-TR multiaxial assessment process in which an individual's symptoms are classified based on a five axis model, is used to determine that the patient suffers from substance abuse, bipolar II disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The treatment prescribed for the patient is cognitive behavioral therapy, and the writer explains in detail what it will entail. The writer concludes with suggestions for further treatment.

Outline:
Part I - Basic Information
Part II - Referral Context
Part III - Disclosure Statement
Part IV - Pertinent Background Information
Academic History
Substance Abuse History
Trauma History
Family History
Past experiences in Counseling
Part V - Behavioural Observations / Validity Results / Clinical Interview
Part VI - Diagnosis & Cause of Problem
Part VII - Treatment Recommendations
Goals
Therapist Function and Role
Interventions
Part VIII - Impressions & Recommendations

From the Paper
"Kitty is a public figure of some sorts, as she is the wife of a previous presidential candidate. Kitty has spoken publicly about the difficulties people in the public eye have in seeking mental health treatment and in fact has admitted that she is happy her husband did not win the presidential election in 1988 because she feels that that would have further impeded her ability to seek help for her serious substance abuse problem at the time. Because of Kitty's role as a public figure, confidentiality is of the utmost concern. Confidentiality is always an important part of the therapeutic process, but in Kitty's case she requires additional acknowledgement that the relationship she has with her therapist is confidential. During our initial session I reviewed a formal informed consent with her, which covered the issues of confidentiality specifically related to her situation."

Tags:psychoanalysis, mental health, depression catastrophic negative manageable homework, diet pill, family

Abstract
This paper is an in-depth examination of the field of abnormal psychology and the treatment of mental illness. This paper examines the many different components of this field, including the historical treatment and explanation of mental illness, the role of the criminal justice system as a tool used to treat the mentally ill and the benefits and dangers of using labels in mental health. The author also looks at different models that have been applied in this field and presents both the advantages and disadvantages to their use. Also examined in detail is the treatment of children, uses and abuses of medication and child's rights when being treated by a therapist.

The following is a table of contents for the paper:
Historical Treatment and Explanation of Mental Illness
Criminal Justice System as Treatment for Mentally Ill
The Benefits and Dangers of using Labels in Mental Health
What is Concordance?
Advantages and Disadvantages of the Medical Model Approach to Mental Disorders
Inter-Rater Reliability of the DSM-IV
Why has ADHD's prevalence recently increased so dramatically?
Who should have control over the treatment of children?
The right of the mentally ill to have children
What are: Mental Retardation, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, and Learning Disorders?
There is a bibliography, but no footnotes or endnotes.

From the Paper
"The advantages of this view include getting faster results, attaining functionality, and avoiding stigmatization through labeling. The medical model's approach of treating the behavior can often achieve much faster results because it does not spend time searching for an often difficult to find, underlying cause. It treats what is already obvious, the behavior, and thus can attain much faster results. The medical model is also capable of restoring a person to a level of functionality much faster than the non-medical model. By treating the behavior problems, a person can become able to function within their daily lives. The medical model would advocate teaching coping skills rather than trying to cure the unconscious causes of behavior, which they may not even admit exist. Another advantage of the medical model is that it avoids the labeling associated with the traditional diagnoses offered by the DSM-IV. By only treating the behavior, the medical model does not provide a label for the patient and thus avoids the associated stigmatization of labeling."

Tags:adhd, criminal, diagnostics, disorders, dsm, health, hippocrates, illness, justice, labels, medical, mental, model, treatment, children, system, medical, drug

Abstract
This paper penetrates into emotional side of parentally bereaved children, how the tragedies have been affecting them socially, and draws a connection between psychopathology in childhood bereavement and parental death. The functions of preventive intervention groups and the Family Bereavement Program (FBP) are described and evaluated in terms of their efficacy in reducing the children's risk of disturbance. The feelings and behavior of bereaved children can be misinterpreted, and there is possible over-representation in psychopathology of childhood bereavement. Other factors that affect the mental health of bereaved children are also discussed. Furthermore, it gives details on the actions taken by the intervention groups in hopes to modify these factors in order to improve the bereavement process.

From the Paper
"This Child Bereavement Study focuses on the effects of parental death have on dependent children, and to "gain a clearer picture of the risk for seriously disturbed behavior in them" . This study was performed as 70 families with 125 bereaved children were chosen at the Greater Boston area, with varying family characteristics (e.g. gender and age of surviving parent, family income, type of death etc.). Parentally bereaved children's responses were then compared with the non-bereaved controls in this sample. Using a semi-structured interview, the surviving parents and their children were assessed at: 4 months after the death, one year after the death and the second year after the death. A child was randomly selected from each family and is paired with a non-bereaved child who matched in age, gender, school grade and socioeconomic background. The control children were interviewed at the same time as the bereaved.
The study used three instruments to measure the children's behavior and emotion: The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Perceived Competence Scale for Children, and Locus of Control Scale for Children. Assessment at the first year after the death did not reveal any significant differences between the bereaved and control children. However, by two years, bereaved children scored higher on social withdrawal, anxiety and depression. The data was also examined by age-gender groupings. Adolescent boys and pre-adolescent girls showed no difference from controls at one year, but significant changes appeared in two years. Adolescent girls and pre-adolescent boys did not show differences between the controls at either the first or second year."

Tags:death, depression, developmental, parents, psychopathology

Abstract
This paper outlines the beginnings and sources for Jung's new approach to psychology. The author finds that Jung's childhood experiences and the things he saw around him everyday, greatly influenced his approach to psychology. The author believes that eventually Jung saw people no longer as individuals but as a collective group who shared the same unconscious and primitive ideas. This paper looks at Jung's dreams and his idea of archetypes and explains how he found support for these in other religions from the past.

From the Paper
"Man is not an isolated figure, but lives in a world that has many facets. Being constantly immersed in a specific culture and environment is bound to affect any field of study in which one is engaged. This is true for Carl Jung and his analytic personality psychology. Throughout his life, Jung was greatly affected by many events and incidents. He strived to make sense of them in an organized manner, but it was not until later in life that he was able to fully understand the true meaning of these events. Jung brought to his work and theories personal experiences, familial relations experiences, as well as the cultural-historical ideas of his time that, combined would give Jung the foundation he needed to create his great psychological theory."

Tags:archetypes, collective, religion, unconscious

Abstract
This paper aims at researching boot camps in an effort to go beyond the overly simplistic media portrayal, to clarify the who, what, when, where and why of the issue. The paper illustrates all the issues involved in the designing of a successful boot camp which will allow for maximal societal adjustment of juvenile criminals and minimal recidivism. The writer outlines the effectiveness and ineffectiveness of boot camps and discusses the future of boot camps.

Table of Contents
Introduction
The History of Juvenile Boot Camps
What is a Boot Camp?
Why Do Juvenile Boot Camps Exist?
Who Occupies Juvenile Boot Camps?
Where Are Juvenile Boot Camps?
Boot Camp Design
A Made-In-Ontario Solution: Canada's First Juvenile Boot Camp
Types of Offenders
Youth Demographics
Factors Associated with Delinquency
The Effectiveness of Boot Camps
The Ineffectiveness of Boot Camps
The Negative Impact of Boot Camps
Boot Camps as a Less Costly Alternative to Incarceration
Positive Impacts on Behavior
Aftercare
Public Response and Boot Camps
The Future of Boot Camps
Conclusion
References

From the Paper
"If the average North American were to rely solely on the media for accurate information about youth crime, we would have a continent of misinformed people. The media would like us to believe that there is an epidemic of youth crime despite extensive evidence to the contrary. This media attention, however inaccurate, has led the public to demand the justice system deal more harshly with young offenders. The result of this public outcry was the establishment of boot camps for juvenile offenders."

Tags:juvenile, offenders, jail, justice, violence, delinquency, therapy, recidivism, education

Abstract
This paper presents an overview of reality therapy and explains that reality therapists deal with people as if they have choices. In particular, the paper discusses the primary goal of reality therapy, why it can be considered as a mentoring process, and what approach the reality therapist takes with her client. In addition, the paper explains what reality therapy emphasizes, e.g., an understanding and supportive relationship, and what qualities a reality therapist must possess in order to be effective. Lastly, the paper discusses two major components of reality therapy, key procedures in the practice of reality therapy, and limitations associated with this type of therapy. The paper concludes with the writer's thoughts about how she could apply the reality therapy approach to her own life.

From the Paper
"Clients are not expected to backtrack into the past or get sidetracked into talking about symptoms. Neither will much time be spent talking about feelings separate from the acting and thinking that are part of the total behaviors over which clients have direct control. Clients will most likely find therapists to be gently, but firmly confronting. Reality therapists will often ask clients questions such as, "Is what you are choosing to do bringing you closer to the people you want to be closer to right now?" Lastly clients can also expect to experience some urgency in therapy."

Tags:problems, encoded needs, mentoring self-evaluation responsibility

Abstract
This paper discusses different post modern approaches to therapy. It analyzes solution focused brief therapy (SFBT), social constructionism and narrative therapy. It also discusses the theories behind the therapies. The paper then discusses the writer's attitude towards the different therapy approaches and how he could apply these approaches to his daily life.

From the Paper
"Social constructionism, SFBT, and narrative therapy are making many contributions to the field of psychotherapy. I especially value the optimistic orientation of these postmodern approaches that rest on the assumptions that people are competent and can be trusted to use their resources in creating better solutions and more life-affirming stories. Many postmodern practitioners and writers have found that clients are able to make significant moves toward building more satisfying lives in a relatively short period of time."

Tags:psychotherapy, therapist, positive

Abstract
This paper examines the treatment of inmates with mental illnesses in U.S prisons. The author provides a history of the challenges of effectively treating individuals suffering from mental illnesses and discusses the possible causes of mental illnesses. The paper looks at the problem of the existence of mental illnesses in already overcrowded prisons and advocates that to reduce crime rate, the provision of effective treatment for those already incarcerated will be necessary. The author then discusses best practices to identify and treat the individuals with mental illnesses.

From the Paper
"The ancient cultures of the Chinese, Egyptians and Hebrews all considered mental illness to be due to the forces of evil spirits or demons. Unfortunate events such as bad weather and physical illnesses were blamed on the presence of those considered to be evil or possessed, and often these individuals suffered greatly due to the beliefs concerning how they were impacting the lives of others. The first introduction of viewing these individuals as somehow physically ill through a medical model occurred during the time of the Greeks around 600 -500 B.C.E. Philosophers such as Aristotle lay the groundwork for the future study of psychology and the human mind."

Tags:crime, human rights

Abstract
This paper discusses two common and popular forms of psychotherapy in practice today - the person-centred approach developed by Carl Rogers and the Gestalt approach. The paper describes the background and development of each approach and looks at how they are applied in a therapy setting. The paper also briefly compares the two approaches.

From the Paper
"Gestalt therapists are much more active participants in the therapy relationship than are Rogerian therapists. The Gestalt method is much more therapist directed, using specific exercises to achieve specific goals (Greenberg et al., 1994). While the relationship is still one of equality between the therapist and the client, the therapist plays much more of a guiding role. Rogerian therapy can be quite frustrating for an individual who is highly intelligent and genuinely concerned about their own personal issues. The lack of concrete direction and even the lack of true judgement can lead to frustration that they are not truly receiving any help. However, for individuals who simply need to have their self-worth and self-esteem bolstered, the Rogerian approach can be quite effective. Gestalt therapy is more effective for individuals requiring a more structured analysis of their emotions, thoughts and behaviours as Gestalt therapists play an active role in pointing out distortions and disowned emotions present in the client. Overall, Gestalt Therapy probably offers a greater chance of success for most individuals due to the higher levels of structure and guidance (Greenberg et al., 1994). Additionally, a Gestalt therapist may be more inclined to actually point out deficiencies within the client or true causes of concern with respect to the client's behaviour, thought patterns or emotional functioning. This higher level of involvement may lead to faster problem solving."

Tags:relationship, Rogerian, counselling